Thulium oxide 


 Thulium oxide as light green crystals, there are scalability, quality knife can cut soft; melting point 1545 ° C, boiling point 1947 ° C, density 9.3208. Thulium oxide is relatively stable in the air; 

 Between thulium oxide shiny silver and iron between. Impurities great impact on their properties, which are set out in the literature are often significant differences in physical properties. 
 When lanthanum is in the 6 ° K superconductor. Most rare earth metals show paramagnetic 
 Gadolinium at 0 ℃, with more than ferromagnetic iron. Terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, etc. at low temperature ferromagnetic. Lanthanum, Cerium by low melting point and samarium, europium, ytterbium high steam pressure gauge emerged in the physical properties of rare earth metals have a great difference. Samarium, europium, gadolinium thermal neutron absorption cross section than is widely used in nuclear reactor control materials, cadmium, boron is also large. Thulium oxide has the plasticity to samarium and Italy for the best. In addition to ytterbium, the yttrium group of rare earth cerium group rare earth higher than the hardness. Strong chemical activity of rare earth metals. When the role and oxygen to produce stable high R2O3-type oxides (R, said rare earth metals). Cerium, praseodymium, terbium also generate CeO2, Pr6O11, TbO2-type oxides. Their standard heat of formation and negative standard free enthalpy than calcium, aluminum, magnesium oxide is also great value. The melting point of the rare earth oxides above 2000 ℃, the maximum radius of europium atoms, the nature of the most lively, exposed to air at room temperature in the immediate loss of luster, quickly oxidized into powder. Lanthanum, cerium is, praseodymium, neodymium is also susceptible to oxidation, the surface of oxide film. Metal yttrium, gadolinium, lutetium anti-corrosion, long time to be able to maintain its metallic luster. Rare earth metals can react with water at different rates. Violent reaction of europium with cold water to release hydrogen. Cerium group of rare earth metals react with water at room temperature slowly, the temperature increased the reaction speed. Yttrium group of rare earth metals are more stable. Rare earth metals and halogens in the high temperature reaction of +2, +3, +4 halides. Anhydrous halide highly absorbent, easily hydrolyzed ROX (X, said halogen) type of halogen oxides. Rare earth metals can and boron, carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, nitrogen, the reaction of the corresponding compounds. 


 Yttrium oxide (Y2o3) 99.9% 280 元 / kg 99.99% 330 yuan / kg 
 Lanthanum oxide (La2o3) 99.9% 120 元 / kg 99.99% 150 yuan / kg 
 Cerium oxide (Ceo2) 99.9% 130 元 / kg 99.99% 320 yuan / kg 
 Praseodymium oxide (Pr6on) 99.9% 500 元 / kg 99.99% 700 yuan / kg 
 Neodymium oxide (Nd2o3) 99.9% 750 元 / kg 99.99% 1000 yuan / kg 
 Samarium oxide (Sm2o3) 99.9% 150 元 / kg 99.99% 260 yuan / kg 
 Europium oxide (Eu2o3) 99.9% 13500 元 / kg 99.99% 17500 yuan / kg 
 Gadolinium oxide (Gd2o3) 99.9% 320 元 / kg 99.99% 450 yuan / kg 
 Terbium oxide (Tb4o3) 99.9% 13500 元 / kg 99.99% 17000 yuan / kg 
 Dysprosium oxide (Dy2o3) 99.9% 8500 元 / kg 99.99% 11500 yuan / kg 
 Holmium oxide (Ho2o3) 99.9% 2800 元 / kg 99.99% 3500 yuan / kg 
 Erbium oxide (Er2o3) 99.9% 750 元 / kg 99.99% 1200 yuan / kg 
 Thulium oxide (Tm2o3) 99.9% 6500 元 / kg 99.99% 9500 yuan / kg 
 Ytterbium oxide (Yb2o3) 99.9% 350 元 / kg 99.99% 500 yuan / kg 
 Lutetium oxide (Lu2o3) 99.9% 12000 元 / kg 99.99% 14500 yuan / kg